The Call of Cthulhu by H.P. Lovecraft, which shifts the focus of Gothic literature from the human to the cosmic, necessitates an analysis that transcends traditional interpretations of monsters. This study aims to add depth to horror literature by examining the Cthulhu mythos, by applying Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of field and habitus, and Bruno Latour’s Actor-Network Theory. The study establishes an efficient dialogue between the text and social theory by analysing the concrete scenes in the story, such as Wilcox’s dreams, R’lyeh’s architecture and cult rituals. Through the swamp flower and sand snake metaphors, themes of the deceptive allure of knowledge and the inherent deceptive reality are explored. The study’s fundamental premise is that Cthulhu is not merely a monster, but an entity that destabilises human-constructed meaning (science, religion, art) and functions as an obligatory passage point in a network of non-human actors (sculpture, dreams). In this sense, how Cthulhu’s human centre fragments the world will be revealed through Bourdieu’s tools and Latour’s relational network analysis. Ultimately, it is argued that Cthulhu functions as a metaphor for the modern individual’s presence in the universe, a denial of his arrogance and confrontation with cosmic scarcity. This interdisciplinary approach positions Cthulhu as more than a monster, but a powerful metaphor for modern humans’ confrontation with cosmic insignificance. This study aims to bring Gothic literature research into an interdisciplinary dialogue with social theory.