Otolaryngology surgery has a wide spectrum from simple procedures such as tonsillectomy to precise laryngological, otological and image-guided skull base surgery, complex obstructive sleep apnea surgery, sophisticated transoral robotic surgery. Cancer surgery with wide neck dissections is very common. This section discusses general principles of anesthesia management for otolaryngology surgery, including airway management specific to these cases. Airway evaluation, routine and management of difficult airways for anesthesia, and anesthesia for tonsillectomy, laryngeal surgery, and thyroid surgery are described separately.