Clinical supervision is a fundamental pillar in nursing practice that supports professional development, enhances job satisfaction, reduces burnout, and improves the quality of care. Increasing workload, nursing shortages, and complex clinical processes in modern healthcare have further amplified the importance of supervisory support. The literature indicates that effective supervision reduces stress and emotional exhaustion among nurses, strengthens role clarity, and increases intention to remain in the profession. In addition, supervision contributes to the development of critical thinking skills, improved communication and team cohesion, heightened error awareness, and significant improvements in nurse-sensitive outcomes (NSOs). Multicenter studies have demonstrated that key quality indicators—such as falls, pressure injuries, infection rates, and medication errors—are positively influenced when supervision is systematically implemented.

This chapter comprehensively addresses supervision models, including structured, supportive, developmental, reflective, leadership-based, and peer/group supervision. Digital and tele-supervision are also discussed as emerging trends in the literature. In the Turkish context, clinical supervision has not yet been fully institutionalized; however, semi-formal structures exist in training and research hospitals. Accordingly, a context-specific three-tier model is proposed for Türkiye, comprising the clinical education nurse, the charge nurse, and the head nurse. In conclusion, clinical supervision represents a strategic leadership tool that strengthens both nurses’ psychosocial well-being and patient safety while enhancing the overall quality of care.