Urbanization stands out as a decisive factor in the economic, social, and environmental transformation of modern societies. The process of urbanization, accelerated by industrialization, population growth, and technological developments, has led to a significant increase in energy demand and increased fossil fuel consumption. However, global problems such as environmental destruction caused by fossil fuels and climate change have necessitated a shift towards sustainable energy policies. Consequently, the relationship between urbanization dynamics and the demand for green energy is becoming increasingly important.

This study comprehensively examines the impact of urbanization on energy consumption, emphasizing that transitioning to green energy is a crucial requirement for sustainable urban development. Factors such as the spatial structure of urbanization, population density, economic growth, and industrialization are the main drivers of energy demand. As an alternative to traditional energy policies, the adoption of renewable energy sources increases the environmental sustainability of cities and ensures energy supply security.

The development of green energy technologies has accelerated the transformation of cities' energy infrastructure. In contrast, smart city practices, energy efficiency, and carbon emission reduction have become central to sustainable urban development strategies. However, there are various economic and structural challenges in the process of integrating green energy investments and urban planning. The study argues that local governments, the private sector, and society need to act jointly in this transformation process and that sustainable urbanization policies should be approached from an energy justice perspective. As a result, steering urbanization in line with sustainable energy policies will be decisive in building more livable and low-carbon cities.