Dialysis, a life-sustaining treatment applied in the advanced stages of chronic kidney disease, is a complex clinical process that carries significant risks in terms of patient safety. During dialysis care, complications such as infections, falls, technical errors, and medication-related problems are frequently encountered. Therefore, ensuring patient safety in dialysis units requires not only accurate clinical practices but also a systematic and comprehensive approach. Patients undergoing dialysis are particularly vulnerable to infections due to impaired immune function and repeated exposure to invasive procedures. In addition, advanced age, comorbid conditions, and treatment-related complications contribute to an increased risk of falls. Technical aspects, including the proper use and maintenance of dialysis equipment, also play a critical role in minimizing potential adverse events. One of the key components of patient safety in dialysis care is the rational use of medications. Polypharmacy and altered pharmacokinetic profiles in this patient population significantly increase the likelihood of medication errors. In particular, inappropriate antibiotic use—such as incorrect dosing, improper duration, and lack of clear indication—can lead to serious clinical consequences, including treatment failure and antimicrobial resistance. In this context, adherence to the principles of safe medication practices, effective interdisciplinary collaboration, and patient education are essential for improving patient outcomes. A holistic approach that integrates clinical vigilance, standardized protocols, and continuous monitoring is fundamental to enhancing patient safety and ensuring the quality of care in dialysis settings.