Scientific developments progress within the scope of three main classifications: natural sciences, numerical sciences and social sciences. Science deals with many interdisciplinary subjects. One of these subjects is artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence has become a research subject of many branches of science today. Hence, what is artificial intelligence? With its historical background dating back to 1950, why has it become popular in 2025 and how has it managed to influence different branches of science? In this research, the answers to these questions will be given. Data were obtained with the document review technique based on the qualitative research method. Within the scope of the study, the included subjects are the historical development of artificial intelligence, scientific studies on artificial intelligence, the applications of artificial intelligence in education and the impact of artificial intelligence on Turkish education. With this research conducted on available resources, the place of artificial intelligence in Turkish education and its role in the education process were discussed and suggestions were made in this context.