Technology and innovation in health sciences represent a critical transformation area, driving profound changes in both clinical and managerial processes. This chapter examines such transformation through theoretical models and practical applications. The theoretical foundations of innovation are discussed within the frameworks of linear and interactive models, the open innovation approach, and technology acceptance theories (Rogers, 2003; Venkatesh et al., 2003). On the practical side, artificial intelligence–based diagnostic systems, robotic surgery, wearable health technologies, and biotechnological innovations are analyzed in terms of healthcare quality, accessibility, and cost-effectiveness (Topol, 2019). Interdisciplinary collaboration emerges as a key factor enhancing both the scientific validity and ethical acceptability of innovation processes. Looking toward the future, approaches such as Health 5.0 and digital twins require a human-centered and sustainable understanding of health innovation.