While sports injuries can be explained from a biomechanical perspective, they are a multifaceted experience closely linked to emotional, cognitive, and behavioral processes (Green & Weinberg, 2001). These multidimensional effects become even more pronounced during periods of intense training and preparation, which are associated with an increased risk of injury. Indeed, while increased training load during competition preparation may support performance development, it can also elevate the risk of injury. Findings from the injury surveillance programs conducted by the IOC indicate that approximately 10% of athletes at Beijing 2008 (Junge et al., 2009), at least 11% at London 2012 (Engebretsen et al., 2013), 8% at Rio 2016 (Soligard et al., 2017), and 9% at Tokyo 2020 (Soligard et al., 2023) experienced at least one injury. Therefore, injury prevention, identification of risk factors, and effective management of rehabilitation processes are critically important for both athlete health and sports performance. The aim of this chapter is to explain the psychological responses that arise during sports injuries, to discuss the adjustment processes and theoretical models used to understand these responses, to examine the psychological dynamics influencing rehabilitation processes, and to emphasize the importance of psychological intervention approaches in protecting athlete health.