Pregnancy is a critical period during which women experience significant physiological, hormonal, and psychosocial changes, which can negatively affect sleep quality. Common sleep problems among pregnant women include difficulty maintaining sleep, frequent awakenings, snoring, obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, and insomnia. Sleep disturbances pose important risks to both maternal and fetal health, including excessive weight gain, gestational diabetes, hypertension, low birth weight, and postpartum mood disorders. Sleep, consisting of REM and NREM stages, is a biological process essential for energy storage, tissue repair, metabolic regulation, and cognitive restoration. During pregnancy, hormonal changes, increased physiological load, and pregnancy-specific symptoms can disrupt sleep continuity. In this context, sleep hygiene practices—such as maintaining a regular sleep schedule, creating an optimal sleep environment, limiting screen use, avoiding caffeine and alcohol, engaging in regular physical activity, and practicing relaxation techniques—can support sleep quality. Midwives play a central role in helping pregnant women maintain sleep patterns and adopt healthy sleep habits. Through individualized counseling, group education, and guidance on sleep hygiene, midwives can enhance maternal quality of life and reduce the risk of obstetric complications. Research indicates that education and support programs provided by midwives have positive effects on sleep quality in pregnant women. Developing evidence-based practices in this area offers a holistic approach to safeguarding the health of both mother and fetus.