Healthcare institutions operate in complex, high-risk environments characterized by biological, chemical, physical, ergonomic, and psychosocial hazards. Therefore, implementing occupational health and safety (OHS) management systems is not only a legal requirement but also a strategic necessity for ensuring employee safety, patient safety, and quality of care. ISO 45001 provides an international framework for OHS management through its risk-based thinking approach, the Plan–Do–Check–Act (PDCA) cycle, and its High-Level Structure (HLS). This structure facilitates integration with other management systems, such as ISO 9001 (quality) and ISO 14001 (environment), making it particularly suitable for healthcare settings.

The chapter elaborates on the key principles of ISO 45001, its distinctions from the ILO-OSH 2001 guidelines, and the unique risk profile of the healthcare sector. Integration of management systems in healthcare institutions offers multiple benefits, including improved resource efficiency, reduced duplication of processes, strengthened risk management, and enhanced organizational performance. However, challenges such as resistance to change, insufficient adaptation of sector-specific risks, and discrepancies in terminology and documentation can hinder the integration process.

The chapter highlights the strong relationship between patient safety culture and workplace safety culture, emphasizing the importance of leadership, management commitment, employee participation, and systematic performance monitoring for successful integration. Emerging technologies—such as digitalization, artificial intelligence, and advanced data analytics—hold significant promise for transforming OHS processes and improving safety outcomes. Ultimately, integrated management systems in healthcare institutions represent a holistic approach that strengthens sustainability, employee well-being, and patient safety simultaneously.