The agricultural sector has been the basis of social, economic and cultural life as well as meeting the nutritional needs of individuals throughout the ages. While global developments in recent years have once again revealed the importance of agriculture, they have also increased the need for agricultural transformation. Technological developments such as artificial intelligence, internet of things, blockchain, data analytics, robotics, wireless sensor networks, agri-fintech have accelerated the transition from traditional agriculture to smart agriculture. In this transition process, a number of economic, social and environmental impacts emerge. Within the scope of this study, smart agriculture practices are first analyzed. Secondly, the economic, social and environmental impacts that will arise with the use of technology in the agricultural sector are analyzed. Thirdly, the problems likely to be encountered in this transformation process are discussed and solution proposals are presented. The study is expected to contribute to the literature in terms of addressing the transformation process in agriculture in a holistic manner.