Management Information Systems (MIS), as a strategic discipline at the heart of digital transformation, is constantly evolving. It is fundamentally transforming business processes through the integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), big data, cloud computing, blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), and augmented reality. This book chapter systematically examines the historical development of MIS, its value creation methods, and innovative applications. It also discusses the impact of solutions such as predictive analytics, natural language processing (NLP), robotic process automation (RPA), and agentic AI on organizational strategy, decision-making processes, and operational efficiency. Bringing together current technologies, it also addresses ethical dimensions (algorithmic bias, transparency), sustainability (green computing), cybersecurity (post-quantum cryptography), data privacy, and agile management approaches (Agile, DevOps). It evaluates legal and ethical frameworks from both Turkish and European Union (EU) perspectives. Future trends include quantum computing, decentralized systems, and emotional AI, aiming to provide academics, students, and decision-makers with both theoretical and practical insights. The research, drawing on sources such as McKinsey, Gartner, and NIST, highlights the role of MIS in competitive advantage, societal benefit, and sustainability.