Muscle cramps are a common neuromuscular problem that limits performance, particularly in athletes and physically active individuals, and negatively affects the quality of daily life. Fluid-electrolyte imbalance, inadequate mineral intake, muscle fatigue, and metabolic factors play a significant role in the onset of cramps. In this context, nutritional strategies are considered a fundamental and complementary approach to preventing cramps. This book chapter addresses the pathophysiological basis of muscle cramps; specifically, it examines the preventive effects of foods rich in potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sodium, along with adequate fluid intake, in light of scientific evidence. The roles of bananas, avocados, green leafy vegetables, milk and dairy products, nuts, whole grains, and naturally mineralized waters in reducing the risk of cramps are discussed. In addition, the contributions of sports drinks, coconut water, and electrolyte-enhanced beverages to maintaining muscle function during and after exercise are evaluated. In conclusion, this section highlights that the conscious and balanced consumption of cramp-preventing foods and beverages is an important protective strategy for both the sustainability of athletic performance and the development of healthy lifestyle behaviors.