The sharing economy model, which is an internet-based economic model, based on sharing, exchanging, lending or renting products and services that enable temporary access instead of ownership, has a structure that can contribute to sustainable development processes by using resources more effectively. It is expected that the sharing economy will be a tool for sustainability, encourage economic growth and have a positive impact on society and the environment. Discussions about whether the sharing economy is sustainable are the main motivation of this study. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the sharing economy and sustainable development in terms of economic growth and logistics performance in a total of 95 high-income, upper-middle-income and lower-middle-income countries ranked according to World Bank income groups. The study aims to comparatively investigate the impact of the sharing economy on carbon emissions and economic growth in countries based on their development levels using cross-sectional analysis. According to the findings of the analysis, the sharing economy increases economic growth by reducing carbon emissions in high-income countries. However, in upper-middle income countries, only technological innovation has a positive significant effect on carbon emissions, while the only variable that increases economic growth is the logistics performance index. The sharing economy variable does not have a significant effect on carbon emissions and economic growth in this country group. Finally, in lower-middle income country groups, the sharing economy has an insignificant effect on carbon emissions, while it has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. In this context, suggestions have been presented for the dissemination of the sharing economy model in order to reduce carbon emissions in upper-middle-income and lower-middle-income countries.