Climate change, as one of the greatest global crises of the 21st century, has multidimensional and systemic effects not only on the environment but also on human health. While the effects of climate change on physical health have been studied for a long time, its effects on mental health have become a rapidly developing scientific topic in recent years. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines climate change as one of the greatest threats to global public health and emphasizes that mental health problems are inevitable as a result. Recent studies report that extreme weather events

caused by climate change create stressful situations such as loss of livelihoods, forced migration, and uncertainty about the future, resulting in an increase in the incidence of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Scientific evidence shows that the effects of climate change on mental health are not equally distributed in terms of gender. Women are exposed to higher levels of climate-related psychosocial stressors due to structural gender inequalities, difficulties in accessing economic resources, the disproportionate distribution of care responsibilities, and the risk of gender-based violence, which can increase after disasters. Therefore, examining the effects of climate change on mental health from a gender perspective is critical for understanding both epidemiological differences and the structural determinants behind these differences.