This study aims to evaluate renewable energy and sustainability policies in Türkiye from a holistic perspective grounded in institutional economics. Increasing energy demand, dependence on fossil fuels, and climate change pressures have transformed renewable energy investments from merely a technical and economic choice into a policy domain that must be addressed in its environmental and institutional dimensions. The renewable energy transition in Türkiye is analyzed through descriptive and comparative tables, using indicators related to installed capacity development, the structure of incentive mechanisms, the distribution of energy production sources, and the trajectory of carbon emissions over time. The findings indicate that renewable energy installed capacity increased substantially between 2010 and 2023, and that the share of renewable sources in total installed capacity rose markedly. However, this quantitative expansion has not been accompanied by a meaningful reduction in carbon emissions; fossil fuels have largely maintained their dominant position in energy production. Moreover, capacity growth has been primarily supported by incentive instruments such as purchase guarantees, while these incentives have not been sufficiently linked to outputs such as environmental performance and emission reductions. Institutional assessments suggest that coordination between energy and environmental policies remains limited and that there is a misalignment between policy objectives and implementation outcomes. By evaluating renewable energy policies beyond capacity expansion—considering incentive design, institutional coordination, and environmental results—the study contributes to the literature.