This review was prepared to evaluate the effects of environmental problems on health and the role of nurses in sustainable healthcare services from the perspective of green nursing. Environmental problems and climate change have become global public health concerns that affect not only ecological systems but also individual and community health in multidimensional ways. Air, water, and soil pollution, extreme weather events, resource depletion, and environmental degradation give rise to a wide range of health outcomes, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, infections, mental health problems, migration, and health inequalities. At the same time, healthcare services impose a substantial environmental burden through high energy consumption, biomedical waste generation, single-use materials, and carbon-intensive supply chains. This reciprocal relationship necessitates the development of sustainable healthcare services and the reconsideration of the nursing profession on the basis of environmental responsibility. As the largest group within the healthcare workforce, nurses occupy a central position in green transformation through their roles in care delivery, education, leadership, advocacy, and research. Consequently, green nursing should be regarded as a fundamental component of safe, high-quality, and sustainable care in the face of the growing impact of environmental crises on health.