Focal cortical dysplasia is the most common epilepsy-related developmental lesion among neuronal migration disorders. Especially in childhood, it is the most common cause of drug-resistant epilepsy. Focal cortical dysplasia is characterized histopathologically by atypical giant neurons and heterotopia developing on the basis of cortical dislamination. If there is a visible lesion on magnetic resonance imaging, the seizure-free rate can reach up to 80% with surgical treatment. In negative cases where the lesion is histopathologically present but not visible on magnetic resonance imaging, the seizure-free rate after surgical treatment is around 30%. Magnetic resonance imaging negative cases require invasive electroencephalography monitoring. Today, although advanced neuroimaging methods and safe surgical techniques are available, difficulties in the treatment of focal cortical dysplasia continue to persist. This article aims to review the methods used in selecting surgical candidates for cortical dysplasia and the surgical approaches.