The purpose of this section is to provide a theoretical framework for the concepts of sustainable learning and sustainable education and to discuss current approaches recommended for ensuring sustainability in education.  The section first defines the concepts of sustainable learning and sustainable education. Within the context of these definitions, concepts associated with sustainable learning include lifelong learning, learning to learn, the ability to set aside what one knows and learn new things, critical reflection, and autonomous learning. In the context of sustainable education, the characteristics of an educational approach that supports sustainable learning, is flexible, questioning, and shaped by conditions and opportunities rather than certainty in terms of design, presentation, and achievement, are explained. The concept of sustainability in the context of learning and education is also defined, encompassing self-sufficiency, or in other words, not being dependent on anyone, creating and producing at the highest level using what is inherently available, and possessing an ecological mindset while doing so. The section presents the theoretical framework of the principles for Sustainable Learning and Education (SLE), which is accepted as a new paradigm, and lists recommendations for the implementation of SLE in this context.