This study was conducted to examine the relationship between migration and sustainable development in Turkey, focusing on the period 2014–2024 and employing a qualitative document analysis method. Official statistics published by the Turkish Statistical Institute and the Revenue Administration, as well as reports prepared by the International Organization for Migration, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the United Nations Children’s Fund, the World Health Organization, and Eurostat, were systematically evaluated. The findings were classified under the themes of employment, housing market, public services, and environmental impacts.

The results indicate that migration provides certain contributions to economic and social domains through a young and dynamic population structure and entrepreneurial activities; however, rapid migration flows have generated challenges such as informal employment, wage pressure, infrastructure deficiencies, and capacity issues in service delivery. From an environmental perspective, increased demand for water and energy in regions receiving high levels of migration has accelerated the loss of green spaces and contributed to a decline in air quality.

In light of these findings, ensuring greater alignment between migration and sustainable development goals requires reducing informality, strengthening local service capacity, and developing data-driven, multidimensional policies focused on sustainable urbanization.