Since the 1960s, the relationship between art and nature has undergone profound transformations due to accelerating industrialization, technological developments, and increasing ecological crises. New social movements that emerged during this period brought ecological consciousness into political and cultural discourses, and the concept of the Anthropocene provided a significant framework to reassess the complex relationship between human activities and the natural environment. Within this context, the aim of this study is to examine how various artistic practices have responded to these conditions and how they have reshaped the perception of nature in contemporary art. By adopting a historical and comparative analysis, the research traces the evolution of artistic practices from the 1960s to the present day. Drawing on interdisciplinary perspectives such as feminist thought and ecological philosophy, conceptual art, performance, installation, and environmental practices that challenge traditional categories of painting and sculpture are evaluated. Attention is drawn to how ephemeral, organic, and non-durable materials are used as metaphors for ecological fragility, and how such strategies problematize anthropocentric paradigms. The findings demonstrate that these practices critically engage with themes of consumption, commodification, and institutional power, thereby revealing the inadequacy of the symbolic frameworks historically used to represent nature. Instead of reproducing established metaphors, the study presents alternative modes of expression that emphasize coexistence and mutual dependence between human and non-human life. As a result, this study shows that since the 1960s, artistic production has functioned not only as a reflection of ecological concerns but also as an active field for criticizing, reflecting upon, and reimagining the human-nature relationship in the Anthropocene era.