Recently, traditional knowledge based on biodiversity has gained increasing attention in national and international communities. However, the protection of such knowledge under the current intellectual property system remains inadequate, and certain problems arise for the communities that are the original owners of this knowledge. "Negative and positive protection" methods have been developed for the national protection of traditional knowledge. This study evaluates the Chinese government's policies regarding traditional knowledge. The “Traditional Chinese Medicine Patent Database” considered a global role model, is presented as an example, and the database's search modules are analyzed. The literature on traditional knowledge in China is reviewed, and the Chinese government's policies regarding traditional knowledge are evaluated. While the patent database system for the protection of traditional knowledge has been developed, it is evident that greater cooperation between developed and developing countries and the principles of international law are needed.