In an era marked by growing global economic and environmental vulnerabilities, the concept of sustainability has evolved from being merely an ecological necessity to a fundamental condition for economic stability and social welfare. Within this transformation, financial systems play a central role as key enablers of the Sustainable Development Goals. Financial sustainability represents a multidimensional framework that emphasizes the efficient, equitable, and long-term management of resources while balancing economic growth with environmental and social impacts.

This book aims to present a comprehensive perspective on financial sustainability by addressing its theoretical foundations, indicators, strategies, and sectoral applications. Authored by distinguished researchers in the field, each chapter contributes to the academic literature while offering practical insights for decision-makers and policymakers in the financial sector. The book offers an integrated evaluation of financial sustainability, spanning from its conceptual foundation to contemporary themes such as climate finance, digitalization, and sector-specific practices.

The first chapter discusses the fundamental concepts, principles, and historical evolution of sustainable finance, exploring its role within the broader economic system. The second chapter examines the measurement of financial sustainability through relevant indicators and analytical methods. The third chapter focuses on strategic approaches, addressing how institutions can create long-term value through sustainability-oriented financial policies. The fourth chapter outlines the theoretical framework of climate finance and its connection to the green transition. In contrast, the fifth chapter explores sustainable finance practices in the aviation industry as a sectoral example. Finally, the sixth chapter investigates the impact of digitalization on financial sustainability, highlighting both the opportunities and risks introduced by emerging technologies.

By combining academic depth with practical applicability, this book aims to enhance the understanding and implementation of financial sustainability across various fields. Embedding sustainability within financial decision-making processes—through environmental, social, and governance (ESG) perspectives—is essential for the future of responsible finance. As such, this work serves as both a scholarly contribution and a valuable reference for those seeking to foster a more resilient and sustainable financial ecosystem.

We extend our sincere appreciation to all contributors and researchers who have supported the development of this volume, and we hope that it inspires future studies and initiatives in the field of financial sustainability.