This chapter examines the effects of the digital age on child psychology in terms of cognitive, emotional, and social development. The rapid integration of the digital world into children’s lives represents not only a technological innovation but also a psychological and socio-cultural transformation. Significant changes have been observed in the brain development, attention processes, and executive functions in children who are introduced to digital devices at an early age. Empirical research shows that intensive screen exposure can lead to reduced attention span, delays in language development, loss of empathy, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Especially during the 0–6 age period, the increase in screen time may leave lasting effects on brain plasticity and social interaction skills. Although digital socialization offers children new opportunities for communication, the reduction in face-to-face interactions may weaken empathy, emotional regulation, and problem-solving skills. Social media platforms have a strong impact on children’s self-concept and self-esteem; they may cause an increase in social comparison, body dissatisfaction, and anxiety levels. Nevertheless, depending on their content, digital games can also support cognitive flexibility, problem-solving, and creativity. In conclusion, the digital world affects child psychology in a multidimensional way, containing both opportunities and risks. Therefore, it is essential that children’s digital experiences be managed in a balanced way by parents and educators, screen time is regulated, and face-to-face social interactions are prioritized.