The concept of the musical self has become one of the central topics of contemporary music psychology, drawing on cognitive, developmental, social, and cultural traditions. It refers to a holistic structure that encompasses how individuals perceive and define themselves in relation to music, as well as the emotional experiences they undergo in this process. Over the past years research on the musical self has shifted from primarily measurement-based approaches toward more comprehensive theoretical frameworks that integrate individual experience, social interaction, and cultural context. This transformation has enabled the musical self to be understood not merely as an individual trait, but as a relational, context-sensitive, and socially shaped process. This chapter brings together seven major theoretical perspectives that explain the musical self from different viewpoints: the musical self-concept, self as a system, self-regulation and motivation frameworks, phenomenological and experiential approaches, social-cognitive models, narrative and dialogical perspectives, and ecological and embodied approaches. Each perspective addresses the relationship between individuals and music from a distinct angle, explaining how music is experienced, how meaning is constructed, and how musical identity is shaped within social contexts. When considered together, these approaches clearly demonstrate that the musical self is not a fixed or stable characteristic, but rather a dynamic process that develops across the lifespan, transforms through interaction with the environment, and is socially mediated. In this respect, the musical self emerges as a multidimensional and holistic concept that bridges individual experience and social structure. Moreover, this diversity of perspectives shows that musical identity operates simultaneously at cognitive, emotional, social, and cultural levels and is continuously reconstructed over time. This multilayered structure is revealed to possess dynamic and continuous characteristics.