Political science has always been a field characterized by its multifaceted nature and its direct impact on everyone’s lives, which is why it has been the subject of extensive research and analysis in every era.
The complex nature of politics and the necessity to analyze every event demand a substantial body of academic work within the discipline of political science. This multidimensional character of politics is also evident in this book. As in similar publications, this volume brings together diverse yet complementary studies.

The book begins with a chapter addressing one of the traditional subjects of political science: the concept of the state and its transformation into the modern nation-state. The second chapter examines the founding of the United States and the institutionalization of Protestantism during this period. Governance and party systems are also central topics in political science. Accordingly, the third chapter focuses on the presidential, party, and electoral systems in Brazil.
The fourth chapter discusses the issue of "women", a topic that has garnered increased academic attention in recent times. Leadership, another fundamental theme in political science, is explored through analyses of political leadership in the fifth chapter. The sixth and final chapter revisits the widely debated concept of hegemony in international relations literature within the context of multipolarity, offering a theoretical and critical analysis of the transformation of the contemporary international order.

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to everyone who contributed to the development of this work, especially to our esteemed chapter authors. I am also deeply thankful to Özgür Press and Dr. Kürşad ÖZKAYNAR for their invaluable support throughout the process.
My greatest hope is that this book meets the expectations of its readers.